As an archaeological footnote to this, the DEC PDP-6 [later evolved to the -10 and then the -20, DEC's line of (wonderful!) 36-bit computers] had an opcode "JFFO" -- jump if find-first-one which would find you the *highest*order* bit set in the word [falling through if the word was zero and there was no bit to find]... can't remember what it did [it either turned the bit off or gave you its bit-position or something when it DID find a one-bit]. What's interesting, and surprised a lot of novice -6 programmers, was why did they go to the bother of building into the hardware a find the _highest_ set-bit, and not include a matching opcode for finding the _lowest_ [the -6 instruction set was famous for it logicalness and completeness... so why leave this out]. The answer, of course, is this very trick: I think it took something like one instruction, at most two, to do the lowest-order-bit check if your number was already in one of the [16] accumulators. So there was no need for an explicit opcode since it was so easy [and fast] just to do it directly [*IF* you knew the trick... :o)] /Bernie\ -- Bernie Cosell Fantasy Farm Fibers mailto:bernie@fantasyfarm.com Pearisburg, VA --> Too many people, too few sheep <-- ==== Want to unsubscribe from Fun With Perl? Well, if you insist... ==== Send email to <fwp-request@technofile.org> with message _body_ ==== unsubscribe