I don't remember seeing this before, but I was pretty proud of thinking of it... I've got a lookup table of abbreviations, and it's pretty sizable. I want to make sure I don't have any dupes in the table, because it may just mean I have an error (ST is STATE as well as SAINT?). So here's my code: my @city_abbr_list = qw( CRNRS CORNERS CTY CITY CY CITY ... W WEST XING CROSSING XRDS CROSSROADS ); # Load the hash, and make sure we didn't lose any from dupe keys my %city_abbr_table = @city_abbr_list; die "Dupe keys!" if ( (keys %city_abbr_table) != (@city_abbr_list/2) ); So now, my module dies if somehow I have dupe keys in my lookup table, and I don't have to worry about keeping everything dupe-free by eyeball. xoxo, Andy -- # Andy Lester %_=split';','.; Perl ;@;st a;m;ker;p;not;o;hac;t;her;y;ju'; print map $_{$_}, split //, 'andy@petdance.com' ==== Want to unsubscribe from Fun With Perl? Well, if you insist... ==== Send email to <fwp-request@technofile.org> with message _body_ ==== unsubscribe