Okay, I also have two subroutines that write HTML code before and after whatever is contained in $content_file. When I comment out these two subroutines (the calls to them) then the code's output is correct. So I imagine the problem is that Netscape gets the file -- sees single-byte and reads it ALL as such. However, when I have only the $content_file read to the file then Netscape encounters 2-byte and does what it should do. SO, can one mix multple bytes in the system? Or do I need to convert the file completely to S-JIS or EUC or JIS? As I run my scripts pretty much without modification on Mac and UNIX I want a solution that works for both. Ideas? ------ CFD Laboratory, 318 GUG http://www.aa.washington.edu/cfdlab University of Washington Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics Plasma Physics Department of Technical Communications Technical Japanese TEL: +1 (206) 363-6056 FAX: +1 (419) 831-7185 http://students.washington.edu/wwv # ===== Want to unsubscribe from this list? # ===== Send mail with body "unsubscribe" to macperl-request@macperl.org